Typewriting machine



Jun 17, 1930. B," c, s c 1,763,936

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed May 5, 1927' 4 Sheets-Sheet l i I I hvenfor June 17, 1930. B. c. STICKNEY 1,763,936

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed May 5, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 17, 1930. B. c. STICKNEY 1,763,936

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed May 5, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 17, 1930.

B. C. STICKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed May 5, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 //7 van for:

III

Patented June 17, 1930 srars IBURNHAM C. STICKNEY, OF HILLSIDE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR '10 UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE ryrawnrrme MACHINE Application filed May 5, 1927, Serial This invention relates to line-spacing mechanism for a typewriter. There are pro vided novel means for minutely varying and setting the extent of a unit of line-spacing distance within a predetermined ran e, and means whereby the platen may be spaced through multiples of said units.

One object of the invention is to rovide such, mechanism in a form that may be cheaply manufactured and installed and in a form that will harmonize with the general appearance of the typewriter to which it is attached. I

Variation in the extent of a line-spaceunit is secured by a connection between the usual line-space-handl'e and the platen including a clutch which preferably consists of a revoluble member having peripheral teeth and a toothed driverto engage and positively actuate and control said member by means of said teeth. The mechanism is so arranged that said clutcl1-member has a relatively large angular movement for linespacing, and the pitch of the teeth is very fine so that the lostmotion if an is aractically negligible.

There is used a train of reducing gearing between said clutch-member and the platen. A feature of the invention conducing to compactness and good appearance is that the train of gearing connecting the clutch-mem her or itsequivalent to the platen is entirely mounted upon and supported by and concentric with the platen-axle. Said train of gearing, which is therefore epicyclic in character, is further so arranged and propertioned that itmay be moved from either end, that is to say, it is not self-locking in one direction; thus the platen may be rotated by means of the revoluble clutch-member through said train of gearing, and said train of gearing bein capable of inverse move ment, the platen may also be turned by the usual platen knob.

As herein shown, the epicyclic train of gearing includes a fixed annular gear concentric with the platen-axle and an arm keyed to the platen-axle, said arm having a pinion at its outer end meshing with said annular gear. Another pinion concentric No. 188,988. Renewed June 4, 1928.

with and ri idly connected to said first pinion meshes with a gear rotating loosely upon the platen-axle.

on the platen-shaft and the ratchet-wheel.

This cylindrical shell,besides conducing to neatness of appearance by 1 enclosing the gears and adjacent parts, also serves as a finger-piece whereby the platen maybe rotated. Said cylindrical shell being rigidly connected to the ratchet-wheel or similar clutch-member, there is the same ratio between its extent of rotation and the resulting rotation of the platen, and as said ratio is a large one, the cylindrical shell thus serves for revolving the platen slowly to facilitate the adjustment of any portion of a'work sheet on the platen. to the printing line of the typewriter. a

The aforesaid pawl-arm has a reciprocatory or oscillatorymovement or swing about tne platen-axle;sa1d' movement being derived from a similar reciprocatory movement,but of substantially less extent, of amember or sector forming a circular rack which engages a pinion rigidly connected tosaid pawl-arm, said pinion being concentric with the platen-axle r A" feature of the invention is that the awl-arm actuatin -sector derives its movement directly from the operation of a slide mounted for rec1procatory movement in a plane parallel to said sector and adjacent thereto. The slide accordingly engages the sector b means of a pinor stud 'shiftably mounte on said slide. The position of said pin relative to the fulcrum of the sector may To the latter gear, the aforesaid revoluble clutchanember, prefei able pin therefore be shifted so that any given movement. of said slide may impart a variable movement'to the sector for the purpose of varying the extent of a line-space unit or any of its multiples. Novel means,,to be hereinafterdescribed and which constitute another feature oft-he invention, are em- 10 ed to shiftsaid )in or stud on the slide.

{The slide moves transversely '01 the axis about which; the sector rotates and the '.shift thereon; is so disposedthat the ex 1 tent of movement of the pin for maximunr.

strokeof the slideis'bisected by a perpendicular from the sector-axis. I t resultsfrom this equilateral arrangement Of'the stroke of said pin or stud-on eachside ofthesectoraxis'that there is a morenear approach to a; constant ratio between. a line-space-unit andany multiple thereof, irrespective of the adjusted extent ofsaid unit, than hasv heretofore been attained. In other words. should double spacing,1for example, be desired, said double spacing will, to a degree not heretofore attained, ap'p-r'oacl'i' exactly double tl1e extentv of whatever line-space-unit the pesi "tion ofthe aforesaid'pin' on the slide. is adjusted' for, it being understood that single or multiple spacing is determined by the extent of movement of said slide.

For determining whether the platen is. to j be rotated'through'fa single line-space-unit,

or a multiple thereoflnove'lf stopping means, which engagethe aforesaid"slideeare used to determine, theextent of, movement of said slide. Said novel meansiare embodied in a. F fan-shaped sector having" stepped edges which serve as stops for thesl'id'e', said stops engaging a projection extending from a suit.- able portion of said slide, The slide maybe j-nornial'ly drawn and heldagainst said stops by means or" a spring. The fan-shaped sec- ,to'r, which serves asia slide-stop, is loosely liideirwood typewriter to determine the line space-stroke. l or holding the U-shaped have alfknob which is at the side. of the V platen-framei said knob being. in position 7 that is substantially the same as that of the usualjshiftabl'e knob-which is used; on the piece in its different positions, theh-andl'e portion thereofl whichi also bears on the pl'atenaxlfe, has a notched edge into the. notches of wliich ifs pressed thero'll of a I spring-pressed deten -arm.g The number'of 1 steps on'pthe stop-sector and. the correspond; I ingjnotches', j as .shown 7 herein, provide for pawl-arnn multiples of one and one-quarter, one and one-half, two, and three times a single linespace-unit.

A" line-space-handle .or lever preferably mounted upon the frame of the letter-feed ingvtypewriter-carriage may be operatively connected to. the aforesaid slide in'a manner. top ermit case-shifting. In the hereinshown form of the invention, the line-space-lever.

actuates a reciproca'tory slide similar to the usual :Underwood reciprocatory line-spaceslide, which as will be shown it replaces.

Said latter'slide is connected to the afore mentioned sector-operating slide by means of an intermediate p1n1on,-'eacli slide being ior this purpose provided-withracleteeth to engage said pinion. Like the usual Underwood typewriter; there is. during caseshifting, a relative up. and down movement between an arm of the line-space-leverand the end of the aforesaid" slide -which said;

lever actuates."

. The, sector-operatingslide maybe mounted in. a fixture or plate which may beifa'stened 1 to, the upper surface of the'end-member of the usual Underwood 'plateneframe', said plate having downwardly bent portions in Jerating:

which opposite'ends of thesectoro slide, 'liave'their. bearings. I Another: down wardly-bent. portion carries a. fulcrum for the aforementioned sector and mayhave an.

extension bent inwardly toward the aforesaid platen-iiame-end-member to be secured theretdforthe purpose bracing and sup;

porting' 'said platef Suitable indicating means maybe provided, as will beshown,

to serve as an indication of the", extent to j whichthe line-space-unit is adjusted. Y

The aforesaid pawl and.ratchet-wheel,,

forming the Clutchinechanism, are normally disconnected so that the platen may be rotated by hand by means ofeither the aforesaid cylindrical shell or ..platen-knobl inde pend'ently of said? clutch-mechanism. 'The pawl is sprin'gpressed and is. normally held disengaged from theratchet-wheel by novel;

means which also serve to cause the paWl respectively of a iline-space stroke ot the ge-the ratchet-wheeler to be disen.-' .gagfed therefrom atthe beginning and end The mechanism is so arranged that, irrespectlve of the extent tov which the platen line-spaced, the pawl-a'rmthe end at its 7 line-spac ng stroke always reaches the same pos tion. This 15 donelso. that the pawl mayreact against a fiXed stop at theend of the the platen,

."line space-stroke to. prevent overthrow V of 5 7 As the-pawl encounters said? stop and reacts againstthe same, the'teeth of the pawl and. rat'chetf "e Qcausedto; be

interlocked and thus preventjsaid overthrow." A brake is applied to the .rat'cnetq-vlieet end of the; aforesaid train 'ef epicyclic gea 1ng," sa1'd brake 'SgllVlll g ifQ facilitate the opei ire ation of the mechanism, and particularly serving to facilitate the disengagement of provement upon the mechanism disclosed in my earlier filed application, Serial No. 137,-

9&8, filed September 27, 1926. The claims in this case are limited to features that are not disclosed in said application 137,948.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figures 1 and 2 are a top plan view a side elevational view, respectively, the mechanism of the invention. Said figures illustrate particularly the compact and neatappearing arrangement of said mechanism.

Figure 3 is a top plan view, showing parts of the mechanism in detail and the re ative arrangement of said parts.

Figure 4 is a side elevational view, illus trating the slide carrying the shifnble pin and the manner in which said slide by means of said shiftable pin is connected a circular raclsmember. There are also shown an oscillatory pawl-carrying arm which is actuated by said circularrack-member and the means for controllingthe pawl on :1; arm with respect to the ratchet-whee which said pawl engages during line-spacing.

Figures 5 and 6 are a top plan view and a side elevational view, respectively. snowing details of the slide which carries the aforesaid shiftable pin, and also shov g detail means whereby said pin ma be shifted at will. Said Figures 5 and 6 also show the adjustable stopping means whereby the movement of said slide is limited for selectively determining single line-spacing or multiples of said single spacing.

Figure 7 is a side elevational view, illustrating how a portion of the slide stop member may be provided with detent-notches and a spring-pressed arm co-operating with said notches to hold said member-in selected position. i

Figure 8 is a front elevational View, illustrating the arrangement of the parts as seen in said view.

Figure 9 includes aside elevation, showing the pawl engaged with the ratchebwheel for line-spacing and also showing the rela tive position of the pawl-controlling annular shaped piece when said pawl is so engaged.

force which tends to disengagethe pawl and ratchet-wheel during line-spacing.

Figure 10 shows a side-elevational view of the reciprocatory slide that replaces the usual rUnderwood reciprocatory line-space slide. There is also included in said Figure 10 a front-end view of the platen-frame end member to illustrate the opening in said front end through which said reciprocatory slide with its rack may be readily inserted.

Figure 11 shows means whereby the worm on the reciprocatory' slidemay be secured against displacement.

Figure 12 is a sectionalperspective view of the improved line-spacing mechanism in one form. i

The invention is herein shown as applied to line-space the platen 15 of the well-known Underwood typewriter. There is shown only a fragmentary portion of said platen which is keyed to a platen-axlelti journaled in the usual platen-frame, of which only the le end-member 17 is shown. Said platen-frame and its platen are movable up and down, usual, for case-shifting, and are carried by the usual Underwood letter-feeding carriage, of which only a fragmentary portion of the carriageframe 18 is indicated in the drawings, said portion having mounted thereon" the usual Underwood line-space-lever 19. The extent of the swing of said lever is limited by the usual steps 20.

In providing for simplicity of. arrangement and compactness of the variable linespacing means connecting said lever and platen, there is employed a reciprocatory slide 21, mounted for movement transversely of the platen-axle in a fixture generally indicated by the number 22. Said fixture, as shown herein, includes a fiat plate 23, which may be secured to the top surface of the aforesaidplaten-frame end-member 17 by screws 24, and for retaining the slide. 21,

said fixture has portions 25 which may be" bent downwardly from said plate 23 to serve as bearings for opposite ends of saidslidc 21. It Wlll be obvious that for operating said slide to and fro to effect line-spacing,

direct connection may be made to the line space-lever 19 if the direction in which the arm :26 of said lever extends is reversed. Preferably, however, in order to avoid changing the design of the line-space-lever, another reciprocatory slide 27, which may conveniently replace the usual Underwood linespaceslide, isused, and for transmi ting the movement of the line-Space-lever 19 and said other slide 2? to the slide 21, said slides are provided with racks 28 and 29,

respectively, formed in bent-over portions of said slides, as best shown in F1 gures 3 and 8. A. pinionv 80, meshing with said racks,

connects the slides and may be conveniently mounted on a stud 31 projecting from the under surface of the fixture-plate 23. The

slide 2.7 has "a bent-over end 32 against which the arm 26 of the line-space-leverre facts. Said end 82 is of suflio'i'ent depth so I that the line=space lever-arm 26 may engage shifting. r v- V r .7 V

A member 34, forming a'circularraclr 35,:

said end irrespective of whether the platen is in upper or lower case'positiomthere be ing the usual relative up and down displacee mentof said end 32 and arm 26 during case is provided, and by means,-which willpresentlybe expla ned, any given movement oi the slide 21 results in a. selectivelyvariable movement of said member 34, and consa quently selectively and minutely variable l ne-spacing, said movement being transmit-;

'ted to the platen-axle to effectsaid line- Gn account or saidspacing of the platen.

it is'rto' be movement being variable and efi e'ctive' in one direction onlyto line-space the olaten its transmission to the latenl 7 axle is .best effected by means including a clutch, of which any one of variousi'forms may be employed. In the herein shown form of the. invention," said clutch includes 'a' ratchet-wheel 36 and anoscillatory element which may be an arm 37, carrying a springpressed pawlv 38'. "In order that therpawl may drive the ratchet-wheel positively and:

control-the samiayboth wheel and pawl at provided with teeth 36 'and 38, respectively, the teeth ofthe wheel encircling its'circumference. The arm 37 derives its oscillatory movement from the member by means of the rack-teeth, 35, which engage and drive a pinion 39, forming partoi' said "arm 87.

' (in account oftthe variable extent of move,- anent of said arm 37 to effect variable ex-' tents of liner-spacing, there is usually an aliquant relationlof the pitch of the ratchet Wheel-teeth to the arm movement which effects said, line-spacing,.t1'o1n whicl it re sultsthat the teeth of the pawl 38W1ll' not always directly engage the teeth of the -ratchetewheel. Said arm will v therefore;

usuallyfhave anidle movement or lost motionrelative to the ratchet-wheel before-said teeth which are formed, as shown, may en-l gage Inorder' movement upon uniformity f line-spacing maybe negligible, the pitch of the teeth is made very fine say not ever 1/32 of an inch irom tooth to hand the arm 37'is given Ia morement which is substantially greater than the line spacing movement of tne platen effected thereby-"In; this manner the idle movement of the arn'i 37', which never cit ceelds; one tooth-space, is a very small part of said large movement of the arm 37, and,.

therefore, its el lect upon unitormity of linespacing is practically negligible. I

I Thejmovement or extentofrotation ofthe" a'rm'37 and ratchetewheel-ilo being substana' tially larger than V the line-space-movement 9101f the platen, whichds1 to result -therefrom,

by said arm 42.

that the effect of said' idielicense there i's employe'd a train of reducing gearing.

between said ratchet wheeland the platen;-

sai'd train being epicyclic in characterso that it maybe entirely supported upon and concentric with the platen-axle,'tl1ereby eondueing toneatn'essoa appearance and eomvpa'ctness'. Another advantageof the use of an epicyclic trainover the worm and worin'-". I

wheel-trainheretofore used in similar mechanisms is that the backlashandwearat tending the use of a worm and'worm-wheel avoided. The epicyclic trai n consi'sts oi a driving gear 40 located loosely upon the platen-axle and rigidly] connected to? the.

ratchet-wheel 56 by mean-s of anindetermi nate'flange' spider, or webetl. 1 An arm 4-2 of the epicyclic train is keyed to the platenaXleand carries at its-ouster end a pinion d?) which mesheswith thegear 40 on the platen} axle. Alongside of said pinion iiiv and-rigidly connected thereto is a second piniond'f,

both pinions rotating upon a stud QQ car'iied mesheswith an annular gear 45' which con stitutes the fixed member of said train. In

order that said annular gear maybe supported concentrically with theplaten-axle itis provided with a webttlhaving a cen-v tral hub 47 hearing upon said platen-axle;

1 To fix the annular gear; 45 against rotation,' at is anchored tothe fixturej22 byme'ans-ot strap 48, one end of which maybe secured to the web 46 or said annular gear, the other end the strap being: secured to a down portion. 49' of the fixture' plate;

wardly-bent Said secondpinion The downwardly-bent fixture-portion 49' of the fixture22 also carries a pivot 59 'upon WlllCll the circularrack member 34' swings,

saidi circular rack-member having ,ahub 51 to afford an extent of hearing which is sufli-.

cient to prevent wabbli-ng. The downwardly-bent portion 49 may be braced" by meansof an extension: 52tliereof which is bent in wardlytowa-rd the end-member 1-7 of the platen-frame, tlieend oit' the extension being V bent arallel to said frame so thatt ma be secured by a screw 5% to a stud 5-3 projecting V from said end memb'er (see Figure f' so, proportioned that the platen. Inorder that a stop against which the pawl38 may; at the end-10f r the lme-spztc'e-strokelrimy be conveniently a provided and which stop will be described later on, the maiiimum rotationof the ra-tch et-wheel is restricted to say of a whole revolution. For this" maXimumrotatmn' of the ratchet-wheel 86; it Y [arranged that the T circular rack-member Stfotates through say 1' eters of the rack of a complete revolutiom thepitchgdiainand: pawl' arm p'in 'on to the p as descripti e of the A the various parts of the mer ures being merely illustrative. Such being the case, it may be further aid in a descriptive sense that the slides 21 and 27 have a reciprocato'ry movement for maximum or triple-spacing of say 5 inch. Whatever the given movement of sai slide 21 may be, and in order that such given movement may impart a variable movement to the circularrackmember 34, there is shiftably mounted upon said slide 21v a pin 56 which, by means of a sliding block 5'? surrounding the end of said pin, engages a slot 58 formed in said circular rack-member 34. Said pin 56 ex tends from the inner side of the sector to and beyond the outer side, which is adiaceut said circular rack-member, through a slot 59, which is formed in said slide, said slot 59 serving not only to retain said pin endwise of the slide 21, but also to guide said pin toward or away from the pivot of the circular rack-member 34. As said pin 56 is moved toward or away from said pivot, there'will be corresponding increase or decrease of the movement of the circular rackmember 3 1 for a given movement of said slide 21, Furthermore, the slot 59 and the consequent direction in which the pin 56 may be'shifted, extend perpendicularly to the direction of movement of said slide 21. In the drawings, the slide is shown at one extreme position which is also its normal position in its maximum range of movement. At the opposite extreme position of said maximum movement, the pin 56 in slot 59 would be on the other side of the pivot 50, as shown in Figure a by the dot-and-dash lines. A perpendicular from the center of said pivot 50 to a line joining said extreme positions would bisect said line; thus for maximum movement of the slide 21, the pin 56 has an equilateral movement on either side of the pivot 50, as shown in said Figure 42. Such equilateral movement occurs irrespective of the position of the pin 56 along the slot 9. The maximum movement of the slide 21 is usually ass ciated with triple-spacing. For sinz double soacing, the extent of movement of the slide 21 is proportioned accordingly and by means which will be described later. It will be evident that by having the pin 56 more equilaterally on either side of the pivot 50 for maximum movement of the slide 21, there will be, irrespective of gle the position of the pin 56, a more near approach to uniformity in therati'o of maximum line-spacing of the platen to sub-mult ples of said spacing, as, for example, single or double spacing, than has heretofore been obtained.

A feature of the invention is the novel means whereby the pm 56 may be shifted upon the slide 21 to change its position with respect to the circular rack-pivot 50. Said means include a worm-wheel-segment or its equivalent, forming apin-shifting segment 61 whose teeth are concentric with said pin 56.

Said segment carries said pin 56 and has a portion 61 extending toward a stud 62 projecting from the inner surface of the slide 21.

Said segmentrportion 61 has slot 63 which embraces said stud, which thus serves as what may be called a fulcrum around which the pin-shifting segment 61 may be swung or shifted to raise or lower the pin" 56 carried thereby. It has already been explained that the pin 56 is retained endwise of the slide 21 by the sides of the slot 59; To retain the pin-shifting segment61 and itspin 56 upon the slide,'said pin has a broad shoulder 64, which, with the opposite surface of the pin-shifting segment 61, em-

brace the sidesurfaces of the slide '21. To

secure the pin against shake or play, the between the side surfaces of the slide 21 and the embracing surfaces'of the pin-shifting segment 61 and pin-shoulder 64; may be made close enough to prevent said play.

Said fit may be so close that there may be a'slight bind between said surfaceswhen the parts are assembled. The pin 56 may, be secured to the pin-shifting segment 61 by means ofanuts65 threaded upon a shouldered shank of the pin 56. The pin 56 is shifted along the slot 59 by turning the pinshifting segment about the axis of'said pin 56, said turning movement reacting upon the sides of the slot 59 and upon the stud 62. and causing the pin 56 to move'alongsaid slot 59. For shifting the pin 56 in this manner the pin-shifting segment'61 is turned by means of a worm 66 meshing therewith. Said worm is revolubly mountedupon the slide 21 and is keyed to a short spindle 67 carrying at its upper end a finger-knob '68 whereby. the worm may be easily maninir lated and rotated to effectshifting of the lngs, not shown, may be made in theslidc Z said plate. The upper edge of said slots 21; the pine-shifting segment 61. may also be lofiskeletonized structure and the knob 68 maybe of hollow formation. Said fingerknob 16.8,in order to be easyof access, projects above'the fixture-plate 23 which-has a clearance-opening 71 to clear the spindle 67 as the slide moves to and iron i Indicating means, whichflserve as ly of the extent of line-spacing cor-respont ing to. said position, may be'provided in various forms. The preferred form ofsuch indicating means includes a flat rod 73 whose lower end fits loosely over the pin 56, the rod 1 being between the circular raclemember 34L and'the flange tormin'g'the shoulder 64 of the pin 56, as best shown in Figures 3 and 6 The upper end-portion of said rod may be gulded'edgewise in a shallow and preferably open slot formed in .a bent-over portion 74 of the upper edgeof the slide 21. The rod may be provided with scale-marl;- ings 75 which are clearly visible ,above the I top-surface of the fixtureplate 23 above which said rod projects thnough a slet 7-5 in jacent the scale-markin S- 75, (Lo-opera es with said markings in inc exing the position of the rod and'consequently of the pin 516, Said slot 7 6 also retains. the rod facewise and isextended. sufficiently along the plate 3 in cordance with the ,endwise move l i the Slide 21 p n which said nodis nted, 7

Q l m s are provided to 7 limit; the endwise movementof th lid 21, a g id .means-may'be considered as providing for s ngle line-spac ng or several 'predeternnned ure 3 indicate multiples ,or said single ll'I16SptQlIlg,-tl16 .extentof said single spacing .or its multiples being in turnselecti-vely determinable and 'minutely variable by turning the knobvfifi of thefaforementioned means for shitting the 12111.56;

The means for limiting the movement, of the slide 21 include a U-shaped piece rotatable. about the platen-axle, said ,U-shaped piece having sides 78 and 179 which ear upon said plateii axle and areconnected: by tie 80 forming part of said pieces} The side 78 of said Lleshaped piece has a stepped edge forming'several slide-stops 77 located at} .diiierent. distances radially from the platen-axle, said distances depending upon the limit of slideemovement to be established by said Steps. In the illustrated form o-fthe invention, the number of" stops and said distances thereoflimit the slide tomovemerits; corresponding to single line=spaces or multiples of 1 1 2, and 3 times; the estent of sin le spacing. The arrowsin Figthe direction of movement of the slides during line-spacing strokes. The slide 21 is normally dra-Wnagainst one :15 the p iiy mean o a spri 81;

an index of thefposition of the pin 56- and 'conseqnentare so disposed that there may be used the regular detent-arm which 1s used,

shaped stop-piece. The side 7-8 of said U- ratchet-wheel 36 and gear 10 have.

the slide'bei-ng provided with, a bent-over projection 82 which reactsagainst said stops. The U-sh'a'ped piece" is rotatable about the platen-axlejto bring the desired stop into, position. For holding the Us shaped piece inits several positionsaccord ing to the stops selected, the side 79 on said piecehas formed upon its outer edge detentuotches-S whichare so disposed that a'roll 8:- of a detent-arm 85 when pressed intoone of said notches holds the thshaped piece in its slidestopping positions. The cutenedges oi the extreme notches may be extended; radially to: react against detent roll 84% in such manner that movement of the cl-shaped step-piece beyond its normal limits is prevented. Said detent-ar n 85 is spring-pressed and the notches. which said.

i. conjnnci-tion with the usual Underwood line-spacewheel, said wheel being omitted the present invention. I

In crderthat the U shapedstOp-piece may be y. manipulated, there extends from the no 79,01 said piece handle 87, which projects through an opening 86in the side of the'platen-frame endrmenrber 17 so that cs'upper; portion, which carries a fingerch88 may bein substantially the same po- .3 anion heretofore occupied @by the .usuatUn- .derirood finger-piece that is shiftab'le for selecting a single line-.space-unit Orr-multipies oisaid unit. As shown in Figure 6., K the lishaped stoppie'ce- :set for, Atrip'lespacing- The dotted circles indicate the several positions of the-knob :88 corresponding to the severalstop-positions ofthe .U-

not in ment to the platen-movement that the 1 Assaid ratio is al ge one, the cylindrical shell 51 serves to slowly rotate the platen Y15 and thereby effect fine adjustment of anyportion of a work-sheet on said platen to the printing line of the typewriter, Said cylindrical shell also serves to substantially cover t1": epic'yclic train of gearing and its associated ratchet-wheel 36 and driving pawl 38, thus conducing to the neat appearance otthe ao 'lOO mechanism and also serving as a guard for saidtrain and its adjacent parts.

For keeping the driving pawl 38 normally disengaged from the ratchet-wheel 3G, and also for causing said pawl and ratchel-wheel to be engaged at the beginning of a linespace stroke of the oscillatory member or arm 37, and also for causing said pawl and ratchet-wheel to be disengaged at the beginning of the return stroke of said arm, ther is provided a revoluble annular-shaped piece 92 which is concentric with the platenaxle and has a radial projection 93 extending toward said pawl and having aninclined edge 94. A stud 95, projecting from the side 01 said pawl, reacts upon said edge 94. It will be seen that a relative rotary movement of said pawl andied e 94 about the platen-axle will cause the stud 95 of said pawl to ride up or down said slide, which in turn causes the pawl to be disengaged or engaged. In order to obtain this relative rotary movement of the pawl 38 and edge 94, the annular piece 92 is frictionally held against rotation and is connected to the pawl-arm 37 by a lost-motion connection i such manner that an initial movement of said arm in either direction will cause said relative rotary movement. The pawl-arm has accordingly a stud 97, which may react either against the side of the aforesaid projection 93 of the annular piece 92 or the side of a similar but shorter projection 98, which also extends from said annular piece, said sides being spaced far enough to afford the required extent of the aforesaid relative rotary movement. As shown in Figure 8, the annular-shaped piece 92 is held in a groove concentric with the platen-axle, said groove, shown in Figure 8, being formed between the side of a circular-shaped portion 99 of the fixture 22 and a stepped side or a disk or washer 101. The required friction, which retards rotation of the annular piece 92, may be obtained by making said piece of! resilient material and warping it out of shape before it is inserted in said groove. The aforesaid disk or wash r 101 has an opposite stepped side which with another washer 102 forms a secondgroove in which another annular-shaped piece 103 is retained and frictionally held against rotation. Said other annular-shaped piece 103 may engage the ratchetwheel by a tongue-and-slot connection 96 and said piece 103 thus serves a brake upon the ratchct-wheelnd oi? the epicyclic train of gearing to facilitate the disengagement of the pawl and ratchet. wheel at the beginning of a return stroke of the pawl-arm 37. Said brake also prevents idle floating movement of the ratchetwheel-end of said train. The circularshaped portion 99 of the fixture 22 and the washers 101 and 102 may be clamped together by a suitable number of screws 104 and may conveniently serve as an out-board bearing for the platen-axle. Saidvportion 99 extend into said bearing into the line of reaction'o-f the over-hanging pawl 38.

As prevlously mentioned, the pawl-arm 3'? always moves to the same position irrespective of the extent of line-spacing in order-to provide for a fixed stop against which said pawl may react. As shown in Figures 3, 4

and 9, said stop is in the tormof a projection 1 106, bent endwise with respect to the platenaxle from the spur 100 of the fixture 22 and into the path ofthe end of said pawl. Said projection may have a beveled edge 108 against which'a beveled edge 107 of the pawl may wedge at the end of a line-space-strokeand thus cause the teeth of the pawl and ratchebwheel to interlock and thereby prevent overthrow of the patent. I The teeth of the pawl and ratchetewheel being of very fine pitch, as already mentioned, it is desirable that the pawl have numerous teeth, as shown in Figures 4 an'd9, in order that the teeth of the pawl will hold sufficiently to prevent said overthrow.

Figure 9 shows the pawl88 in engagement with the ratchet wheel 36, the pawl and ratchet-wheel being shown in sldc elevation from which there is projected a plan view of the pawl to illustrate the stud 95 thereon. It is desirable that the extent to which said stud projects from the side of the pawl be limited sufiiciently to insure that the of said stud will clear th'eside of the spur 100 of the fixture 22 as said pawl approaches the stop projection 106. To accommodate the limited length of said stud, the projection 93 of the annular-shaped pawl-controlling piece 92. is offset, as shown, to bring the beveled edge 94 of said projectionuuder said stud In order that the slide 21 may be inserted in the fixture 22, the rear one of the down-' free of the front downwardly-bent projection 25 of the fixture 22. The notch 110 is made sufficiently deep, so that the slide 21 may be lowered enough to facilitate the insertion or" the upper end of the indicating rod into its slot 7 6 in the plate 2301 1118 fixture Said rear downwardly-bent portion 25 also has a lug 116 to which one end of the slide said spring beingattached to a stud'll spring 8.1 may be anchored, the other'end of '4 prov jecting from the side of the slide. The front downwardly-bentportion 25, wl'iieh serves a".- bearing for the front end of the slide 21, may havea slot thereln similar to the1llustrated slot 1n the rear downwardlysbent;por-

tion 25, that is to say, a T-shaped'slot; or the slot in said front portion 'may be b'closed, The T-shapedslot 109 in the rear portion has a clearance notch 118 that clears thef'stud 62 on the slide as said slide is 'movedrearwardly for its insertion into the fixture 22 or its removal therefrom; The

finger-knob 68 is to be'removed when the slide 21 is inserted or removed from the fixture 22.

The spindle 67 to which said knob is it tachedeand the pin-shifting segment 6 1are also to be removed to facilitatethe insertionor removal ofthe slide 21-. The upper bearing69 forthe spindle'67 is formed, as shown,

by a projection bent sidewise from tne upper edge of said'slide'. The-loWerbearing 69 for 26. I 7 maybe attached to the'side of the slide 21, as

said spindle maybe formed in a bloclnwhich indicated in the drawings. The upper end of theworm'66 may have a huh119, through ings 1'13 and 114.

which a pin may be drivento key said worm to. thespindle 67 Apin may also .be driven through the lower end portion of the fingcrlznob 68 to key said knob to said spindle;

The worm 66 is retained'endwise between the bearing- 69, the upper end of the hub 119 bearing against the under surface of the upper bearing 69, while the lower end of the worm bears upon the block forming the lower bearing 7 69. The upper and lower edgesof the opening in the slide 21 may clear the'upper and lower ends of the worm ln'Figure10 a side 'view'oftheslide 27 is shown in detail. Said o slide replaces the usual Underwood line-space slide, and is re tained and guided in the same bearingsll and 11 1, which serve to retain and guide said Underwood line-spaceslide, said bearings being attached. toand forming part of the platen-frame end member 17. In said Fig-F .-ure 10 there is also shown a front-end view of a front end 17 of said member 17 to illustrate the usual opening 115, which also serves to clear the rack said slide is inserted endwise into its bear,-

flo'indicate the setting of the U-shaped stop-piece that limits ,the vmovement of the V slide 21, there may be provided on the upper 1 surface of the plate 23 and the fixture 22 'rnarkingsf 120, said markings being placed upon said surface opposite the several positionswhich the knob 88 assumes, inaccordance with the'several po'sitionsoi the U- shaped stop-piece. As shown in Figural,

i said markings indicate single line-spacing 28 of said slide 27 as.

or multiples of .one and one-quarter, one

and one half, two and three times'saidsingle line-spacing. For triplespacingthe end 32 I or the slide 27 will be against the end of V the arm 26 of the line-spacelever 19. For

lesser extents of slide movement the end 32 of said slide willnormaily be a position as indicated l or example, by the do -and dash outline of said end 32 in Figural.

VVhatever t-he position "of the end 32"may be, it is preferable that the line-space lever normally bear'against the left line-space leverstop 20, and, for this purpose, a spring 121 may be provided to normally urge said lever against said left stop, said spring being a torsion spring wound around the hub of the line-space lever, one end of said'spring' eacting against said lever and the other end reacting against a suitable portion of the carriage-frame 18, as shown n Figures '1 and 2. Y

-The ratchet-wheel 36, the gear 10 and the cylindrical shell 91 of the epicyclic train are shown herein as being formed in one pi ce with the web, flange or spider 141. It will be understood that these parts may be separate members assembled in any suitable manner to "form the composite member hereshown and whlc'h includes sald arts. v 7 v i in In a similarmanner the annular, gear 45 and the part forming the web 46 and 47.

of said annular gear may be separate parts assembled in a suitable mannerto form the composite member shown. The member formed by the ratchet-wheel 36, gear l0, cylindrical shell 91 and web 41, having a v comparatively high velocity of rotation dur- As already mentioned, the pawl" 38 is spring pressed so that it is urged into engagement with the ratchet-wheel 36. 'There is accordingly provided a torsion spring 122,

Figure 8. Said spring 122 may be wound around a hub-portion 38' of said pawl, one end of which maybe threaded into a hole drilled into the side of the pawl, the other end being threadedv into a similar hole drilled into the flange of stud 83, upon which said pawl is pivoted. The, pawl is cut away to' said hub-portion 38 as indicated at 123, F igure 9, the pawl being thus cut' away to clear the circumference or" theratchet-wheel; Asthe pawl revolves at a comparatively" high velocity whilefin engagement with the ratchet-wheel, there is developed considerable centrifugal force,'which may be balancedby'the spring 122. Ii -order to make saidspring as light as possible, however,1

there may be provided, if desired, a counterweight 128*, which may be attached to the pawl, as shown in Figure 9. As shown in Figure 9, which includes a plan .view of the -pawl, the counterweight 123 is offset from the pawl; this being done in order that the counterweight may not interfere with the spur 100 or the pawl-stopping projection 106, the counterweight being behind the pawl-arm 37 and on the inner side of the spur 100 of the fixture 22.

Means may be provided whereby the worm 66 on the slide 21 may be secured against displacement after said worm has been rotated to adjust the position of the pin 56. A preferred and simple form of such'means consists of a detent 124: made of thin spring material and formed as indicated in Figure 11. The lower portion of said dctent may be secured against the side ofthe detent-slide 21 by rivets 125. Due to the resiliency of said detent 124 the upper end thereof is spring pressed against the straight knurl 126 of the finger-knob 68, said upper end of the detent having a V-shaped formation 127, which is pressed into the flutes of said knurl, thereby to avoid abnormal displace ment of the worm 66; It will be understood that preferably the pressure of said detent 12 i is not suflicient to prevent rotating the finger-knob 68 by hand when it is desired to shift the position of the pin 56. Tie opening 71 in the top plate 23 of the fixture 22 may be widened sufficiently to clear said detent 124 as it projects therethrough; or said detent may be formed to clear said opening.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others. Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a revoluble typeer-platen and'a line-space lever, of a reciprocatory slide operable by said lever, a

i ember forming a circular rack, a pin shiftably mounted on said slide and engaging said member for joint reciprocatory movement of said slide and member, means upon said slide for shifting said pinat will to change its position upon said slide relative to the fulcrum of said member thereby to vary the movement of said member for any given movement of said'slide, and means driven by said rack whereby the movement of said member in one direction is translated into'iine-space rotation of the. platen.

. 2. The combination with a revoluble typewriter-platen and a line-space lever, of a reciprocatory slide mounted for rectilinear movement at right angles to the platen-axis and operable by said lever, a member forming a circular posed so that it swings in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of said slide,

rack, said member being dis-' a shiftable pin projectingfrom said slide and engaging saidgmember for joint reciprocatory movement of said slide and member, means upon said slide for shifting said pin at will to change/its position upon said slide relative to the fulcrum of said member thereby to varythe movement of said mem'- ber forany given movement of said slide, and means driven by said rack whereby the movement of said member in one direction is translated into line-space rotation of the plateno 3. The combination with a revoluble typewriter-platen and a linesspace lever, of a, reciprocatory slideoperable by said lever, a member forming a circular rack, a pin shiftably. mounted on said slide and en-- member forming a circular rack, a pin shiftably mounted on said slide and engaging said member for oint reclprocatory movement of said slide and member,means for shifting said pin at will to change its posi- 7 tion upon said slide relative to the fulcrum of said member thereby to vary the movement of said member for any given movement of said slide, said member having a slot with a slide therein, said last-mentioned slide fitting over said pin, and. said slot being disposed in a direction corresponding to the movement of said pin toward'or away from the fulcrum of said member, and means driven by said rack whereby the movement of said member in one direction istranslated into line-space rotation of the platen.

5. Ina line-spacing mechanism fora revoluble t ewriter-olaten the combination of yp l 7 .a recinrocato'r slide 0 erable to line-s ace said platen, a member forming a circular rack, a pin shiftably mounted 'onsa d slide and connecting sald slide and member for joint reciprocatory movement, said slide having means for shifting said pin at will to change its position' uponisaid slide relative-to thef'ulcrum of said member thereby to' vary the movement of said member for any g1ven; movement of said sl de, and

means driven by said rack whereby the movement of;saidmember 1n one direction is translated into line-space rotation 'of the platen. 6. A-varifable line-spacing mechanism for a revoluble typewritersplaten, including a reciprocatory slide operable to line-space I also including a manually-operable Worm said platen,'a member fo-rminga circular rack swingable about a fulcrum whose axis extends transversely of the direction of movement of said slide, a pin shiftably mounted on said slideand connecting said I slide and member'for joint reciprocatory v movement, said slide having means forlshifting said pm at will to change its position upon said slide relative to the fulcrum of said member thereby to vary the movement of said member for any givenmovement of saidisllde, said means including a wormwhee-l segment carrying the shiftable' pin, a

:: stud "in said slide about which said segment may be shifted to shift said pin, said means also lncluding a manually-operabl'e Worm mounted on said slide for shifting saidseg- 'ment and thereby said pin, andmeans driven by said rack wherebythe movement of said" member in one direction is translated into. line-space rotation of the platen.

7; A variable line-spacing mechanism for,

a revoluble typewriter-platen, includin'ga 1: reciprocatory slide operable toline space sald platen, a member forming a circular rack swingable about a fulcrum whose ELXlS extends transversely of the direction of movement of said" slide, a pin shiftably 'mountedonsaid slide and connecting said slide and member for o1nt reciprocatory movement, said slide having means for shifting saidr pin atwill tochange its position upon said slide relative to the fulcrum of "-saidmember thereby to vary the movementof said'member for any given movement of said slide, said means including a worm Wheel segment carrying the shlftable pin, a

stud in saidslide about which said segmentmay be shifted to shift said pm, said means mounted on said slide for shifting said segment andthereby said pin, means driven by said rack whereby the movement of said 5 member in one directionis translated into line-spacerotation of theplaten, and indieating means serving asan index of the position of said pin and consequently of the extent of the corresponding line-space rotation of said pl'aten, the extent of said'latter a rotation being variable by reason of the variable movement of :said member;

' '8. A'variable' line-spacing mechanism for revoluble typewriter-platem including a 'reciprocatory ,slide operable to line-space said pla ten, a member forming a circular rack swingable about a fulcrum whose axis extending perpendicularly to the direction"- extends' transversely of the direction of movement of said "slide, a pin; shiftably I mounted on said'slide and .shiftably guided V by a rectilinear slot in said slide, said slot of movement of, said slide, said pin serving to connect said; slide and member for joint reciprojcatory -move1nent, means associated;

messes:

with said pin 'andslide for shifting saidpm I at will to change its position relative tothe fulcrumof said memberthereby to vary the movement of said member for any given movement'of said slide, said means includ-o ing a Worm-Wheel segment carrying the v shiftable pin and having a tooth-arc con centric with said pin, a stud in said slide about which said segment, at apoint opposite the teeth thereof and on the diametrically-opposite side of said pin,-may be shifted, said meansalso including a manually-o i operable worm mounted in said' slideand en- 7 gaging 'said'segment for-shifting the same and thereby said pin, and means driven by said rack whereby 'movement of said mem her inone' direction is translated into linespace rotation of the platen, said rotation being variable by reason of the'variable movement of said'member.

9. The combination with a revoluble type Writer-platen keyedto an axle, and a linespacelever, of arevoluble' member loosely mounted on saidaxle, means including an oscillatory element" having clutch-teeth cooperating with "similar teeth that are associated wi-th said 'member whereby the movement of said lever in a line-spacing direction causes rotationof saidmember, and an epicyclic train of gearingcentered upon and supported by the platen 'axle and connecting said member to said axle for translating a large rotary movement of said member into platen-rotation of line-s'p'acing extent, said means being furtherdevised so that the rotation of said element and member; is of a;

similar teeth associated With said member for enablingsaid'oscillatory element in one direction of its movement to" rotate said I member, meanswhereby the line-space lever 'may drive said oscillatory element through a rotary movement, and an epicycliotrain V of gearing centered uponand supported'by the platen-axle and connecting said member to said axle for translating a large rotary movement of" said'membe'r into platen-rota tion'of line-spacing extent, the means driv i ng said'oscillatory element beingdevisedso that the rotary movement of said elementand" member is of substantially greater ex-- tent than the-I line-space rotation: of said I platen, thereby to minimize the herem-de- V scribed efiect of thealiquant relation. .of the pitch of said teeth to the movement of said element and member.

11. The combination with a revoluble typewriter-platen keyed ,to an axle, and a line-space lever, of a 'revoluble member loosely mounted on said axle, an oscillatory element also loosely mounted on said axle, means having clutch-teeth co-operating with similar teeth associated with said member for enabling said oscillatory element in one direction of its movement to rotate said member, means whereby the line-space lever may drive said oscillatory element through a rotary movement, and an epicyclic train of gearing centered upon and supported by the platen-axle and connecting said member to said axle for translating alarge rotary movement of said member into platen-rotation of line-spacing extent, the means driving said oscillatory element being devised so that the rotary movement of said element and member is of substantially greater extent than the line-space rotation of said platen, thereby to minimize the herein-described eifect of the aliquant relation of the pitch of said teeth to the movement of said element and member, said train including an annular gear concentric with the platen-axle and fixed against rotation, an arm keyed to said axleand carrying a pinion meshing with said annular gear, a second pinion rigidly connected to and alongside of the first pinion and concentric therewith, and a gear meshing with said second pinion,'said last-morn tioned gear mounted upon and revoluble upon said axle and constituting the driver of said train during line-spacing.

12. In a line-spacing mechanism for a revoluble typewriter-platen keyed to an axle, the combination with a reciprocatory member operable to means including a clutch and an epicyclic train of gearing, whereby the movement of said member in one direction causes the platen to be line-spaced, said train including an annular gear concentric with said axle and fixed against rotation, an arm keyed to said axle and carrying a pinion meshing with said annular gear, a second pinion rigidly connected to and alongside oi" thefirst pinion and concentric therewith, and

gear meshing with said second pinion and loosely mounted upon said platen-axle, said last-mentioned gear constituting the driver of said train, the driven portion or" said clutch being connected to the driver-gear,

the driving portion of saidiclutch' being reroluble about said axle and operatively conno combination with a reciprocatory memline-space the platen, of

ins; a 7

whereby the rotation of said elementto di;-

er operable to line-space the platen, of means including train of gearing said member in one direction. causes the platen to be linepaced, said train including an annular concentric with said axle nd fixed against rotation, an arm keyed to said axle and carrying a pinion meshing with said annular gear, a second pinion rigidly connected to and alongside of the f rst pinion and concentric therewith, and a gear meshing with said second pinion and loosely mounted upon said platen-axle, said last-mentioned gear constituting the driver of said trail the driven portion of said clutch being connected to the driver-gear, the driving portion of said clutch being revoluble about said axle and operatively connected to said reciprocatory member, and a cylindrical shell surrounding and substantially covering said train of gearing and clutch, said cylindrical shell being also rigidly connected to the driver-gearoi said train and serving as a finger-piece which may be lpulated for slow rotation of said platen, said train being proportioned so that the movement of said driver-gear is substantially greater than the resultant movement of said platen.

14:. In a variable line-spacing mechanism for a revoluble typewriter-platen keyed to an axle, the combination with a, rec procatory member operable for linepacing said platen, said member mounted for movement transversely of said axle, and means where by the movement of said member in one direction line-spaces said platen, of means for limiting the stroke of said member to effect different extents of line-spacing, said last mentioned means including a ll-shaped element having spaced-apart sides tulcrumed and bearing upon said axle, one side having a stepped edge forming a predetermined number of stops, said reciprocatory member having a portion which reacts against whatever stop is selected and being normally siringpressed against said stop, the other 1 side of SZLlCl element having 'detent-notches or theirequivalent, said other side also havfinger-piece extending therefrom ferent stop positions is facilitated, and spring-pressed detent co-operating with said notches to hold said element in different positions depending on the stop selected. a

15. In a variableline-s vice mechanism for a revcluble typewriter-platen keyed to operable for line-spacing said platen and mounted for movement transver ely of said axle, and means whereby the movement of a clutch and an epicyclic" whereby the movement portion of said side outside the platen-frame said member in one direction line-spaces said platen, of means for limiting the movement of said member to effect different extents of line-spacing, said last-mentioned means in- ,cluding a ti-shaped element having spaced apart sides fulcrumed and bearing upon a end member, one side of said element having a stepped edge forming a predetermined number of stops, said reciprocatory member having a portion which reacts against what- 'ever stop is selected and being'normally ,versely-ofsaid axle, a member- .forming a spring-pressed against said stop, the other side of said elementhaving detent-notches or their equivalent, said other side also having finger-piece extending through an opening in the platen-frame end member so as to extend along the inner side of said end member and to a point sufiiciently above the top surface of said member to permit free manipulation" of the finger-piece, and i a spring-pressed detent QG-OPGTELtlIlg with said notches to hold said element in different "POSltlOIlS dependlng upon the stops selected; 1 16. In a VflljlilblQllllfiflPitCG mechanism,

the combination with a typewriter-platen keyed to an axle, and a platen-frame having ,7 an end member, of a reciprocato-ry slide 7 I operable for line-spacing, a fixture attached to' or formingpart'of'said end member and wherein said slide is retained and guided for movement transversely of said axle, a

member torming a circular rack whose axis extendsperpendicularly to the direction of movement of said slide, said axis being em bodied in a pivot supported by said fixture and end member, a pin shit-tably mounted in said slide and connecting said slide and circular rack-member for joint reciprocatory movement,an oscillatory member fulcrumed upon the platen-axle and driven by said rack, said last-mentioned member carrying a dog or pawl, an eplcycllc train of gearing upon said axle driven from one end by said dog orpawl in one direction of the movement ofsaid slide and rack, theother end of saidtrain beingconnected to said platen-. axle,'and a' fixed stop against which said pawlbr dog rrea ctszat the end of said last-, mentioned movement, thereby to prevent overthrow movement of the platen;

17. In a variable line-space mechanism,

the combination with atypewriterplaten lreyedto an axle, of a reciprocatory slide operable for line-spacing, said sllde. being retained and guidedfor movement transcircular rack whose axis extends perpendicularly to the direction of movement of said slide, atpin shiftably mounted in said slide and. connecting said slide and circularrack for jointjreciprocatory movement, an oscillatoryvmember fulcrume'd'upon the platen-axle and driven by said rack, said last-mentioned rmember carrying a; spring-pressed toothed dog or pawl, anv epicyclic train of gearing upon said axle driven'from one end by said pawl or dog in onedirectiorrof the movement of said slide and rack, the'drivenend of said train having a toothed member ens gageable by said dogor pawl, the. otherend of said train being connect'ed to said platenaxle, and a fixed stop against which said pawl or dog reacts ,at the end ofsaid lastmentioned movement, thereby to cause said pawl or dog to positively interlock with the toothed member at the end of said train'and prevent overthrow movement of the platen.

18. In a line-spacing mechanism fora typewriter of the character described,-the

combination with 'arevoluble platen, a shift able platen-frame in which isjourna-led an axle to which'said platen is. keyed, and a letter-feeding carriage carryingvtsaid'platenframe, of a line-space lever 'mountedi upon said carriage, a reciprocatory slide operable .by said lever and mounted in SZLlCl platen-' frame for] movement in a direction trans-f verse of said axle, an endof' said slide abuts ting an arm of said lever-in a manner to rack-member mounted on: a pivot carried by said platen-frame, said circular rack-memher being disposed alongside said, second slide, a pin shiftably mounted upon said second slide and connecting said j second slide to said circular rack-member for I joint reciprocatory movement, said second slide carrying means for shifting said pinat wlllto change its position upon said.

slide relative to the pivot of said circular rack-member thereby toi vary the movement of said member for any given m0ve-. ment of said slide, an. oscillatory element. fulcrumed upon the pplaten-axle and; driven by'said circular rack-member, said'oscilla-. tory 7 element carrying a spring-pressed pawl end by said pawl or dog in one direction of or dog, an epicyclic train of gearing mounted 'upontheplaten-axle and driven from one movement of said slide and rack, the other;

end of said train being connected to said platen-axle, means whereby saidfpawl' or dog is normally helddisengaged from said train of gearing, and whereby said pawl: or dog 1s caused to-engagesaid tram at'the beginning of the line-spacing strokeo-f said osillatory element, and whereby also-said pa'wl or dog is caused to be disengaged from said" train a-t-the beginning of the reverse stroke of said'element, a fixed'stop against which said pawl, or: dog reacts at the "end of said last-mentioned line-spacing stroke, thereby to'eprevent; overthrow movementiofthe plat;

ing and oscillatory member, said cylindrical shell being also rigidly connected to the driven end of said train and serving as a finger-p ece which may be manipulated for .51 of said platen, said train belied so that the movement of ten end of said train is substantially the resultant movement of said platen. v

19. In a line-spacing mechanism for a typewriter of the character described, the combination with a revoluble platen, a shiftable platen-frame in ch is journaled an axle to which said platen is'keyed, and a let er-feeding carriage carrying said platenframe, of a line-space lever mounted upon said carriage, areciprocatory slide operable by said lever and mounted in said platenframe for movement in a direction transverse of said axle, and end of said slide abutting an arm of said lever in a manner to permit case-shifting of said platen-frame, a second reciprocatory' slide carried by said platen-frame, mounted alongside said first slide and connected thereto by an intermediate pinion also carried by said platenframe, each slide being provided with a rack which said pinion engages, a circular rack-member mounted on a pivot carried by said platenframe, said circular rack-member being disposed alongside said second slide, a pin shiftably mounted upon said second slide and connecting said second slide to said circular rack-member for joint reciprocatory movement, said second slide carrying means for shifting said pin at will to change its position upon said slide relative to the pivot of said circular rackmember, thereby to vary the movement of said member for any given movement of said slide, an oscillatory element fulcrumed upon the platen-axle and driven by said circular rack-member, said oscillatory element carrying a spring-pressed pawl or dog, an epicyclic train of gearing mounted upon the platen-axle and driven from one end by said pawl or dog in one direction of movement of said slide and rack, the other end of said train being connected to said platenaxle, means whereby said pawl or dog is normally held disengaged from said train of gearing, and whereby said pawl or dog is caused to engage said train at thebeginning of the line-spacing stroke of said oscillatory elemenhand whereby also said pawl or dog is caused to be disengaged from said train at the beginning of the reverse stroke of said element, a fixed stop against which said pawl or dog reacts at theend of said last-mentioned line-spacing stroke, thereby to prevent overthrow movement of the platen, a cylindrical shell surrounding and substantially covering said train of gearing and oscillatory member, said cyclindrical shell being also rigidly connected tothe.

driven end of said train and serving as a finger-piece which may be manipulated for slow rotation. of said platen, said train being proportioned so that the movementof the driven end of said train is SUlJS'i""i1tlLllY greater than the resultant movementof 'said platen, and settable' means whereby the movement of said second slide maybe lim-- ited to predetermined extents thereby to selectively effect a single line-space unit of platen movement or predetermined 'multiples of said unit.

20. The typewriter-platen keyed to an axle mounted in a platen-frame having an end member, a fixture attached to or forming part of said end member, of a circular rack mounted in said fixture for reciprocatory movement and operable to line-space the platen, an

oscillatory member driven by said clrcular rack and fulcrumed upon said platen-axle, a spring-pressed pawl or dog carried by said oscillatory member, an epicyclictrain "of gearing mounted upon said platen-axle, the driving end of saidtrain having a ratchetwheelwhich may be engaged by said pawl or dog, the other end of said train keyed to said platen-axle, an annularly-shaped piece revolubly mounted concentric with the platen-axle'and frictionally held in an exhaving an inclined edge which normally holds the pawl disengaged from the ratchetwheel, said oscillatory member which carries said pawl engaging the annular piece for-joint rotation in such manner that there combination with a revoluble tension of the'aforesaid fixture, said piece the line-space stroke of said oscillatory memr her and to disengage said pawl and ratchet wheel at the beginning of the return stroke of said oscillatory member, said annularly shaped piece having the aforesaid inclined edge to effect said engagement or dlsengagement during said relative rotary movement,

and a second annularly-shaped piece also frictionally mounted concentric with the platen-axle upon the aforesaid extension. of said fixture, said annular pieces being retained in grooves formedconcentric with the platen-axle in circularly-shaped portions forming part ofsaid fixture-extension, said portions having central holes forming an outboard bearing for the platen-axle, the second annular piece engaging said ratchetwheel and serving as a brake therefor, said annular pieces being made of thin resilient material to secure lightness and being warped out of flat shape tosecure by means of said resilienceand warping the desired friction between said pieces and said grooves.

q 21 ,A universal Variable line-space mecha- V nism vfor a revoluble typewriterplaten, lIl- I eluding, in combination, a reciprocatory line-space lever or operator, a-pair of recip 7 rocatory members, one ofwhich isa segment pivotally mounted on a fulcrum, a shiftable pin-iand-slot connection joining said members for 01nt rec1procatory movement, 1n-

eluding a slot in each of said members and ,one pin extending intoboth slots, means effective upon said connection tor changing atwill the point of application of said connection relative to said fulcrum, thereby to to a given movement of the other member, means connectln-g said latter other member to Sitld, hue-space lever oroperator, means whereby the movement of the member whose movement is thus variable is translated into line-space rotation of the platen',;said translating means including ,a pinion meshing with said segment and forming therewith a movement-multiplying train, a ,p'aW-l-and' ratchet mechanism driven by said train, a movement-reducm-g train between sa d pawland-ratchet mechanism and said platen, and 7 means for regulating the stroke-of said linespace lever. a

, 22; The mechanism set forth in claim 21, in combination with an indicating device responsive to theshifting of said connection by which difl'erencesinthe' distancesof said point of application from said fulcrum and corresponding line-spacing may be gaged.

23. A universal line-spacing mechanism for arevoluble typewriter-platen, including, incombination, a reciprocato-ry line-space lever or operator, a circular rack mounted eoaxially with the platen for independent rotation, a pivotal'ly mounted reciprocator'y segment meshing with said 'circular rack, a shiftable connect on oining said lever or operator and segment for joint reciprocatory movement, means effective upon said connection for changing at will the point of application of :said connection to said segment relative to the fulcrum thereof, thereby to vary the movement of said segment and ciric-ular rack for any given movement of said' operator, and means whereby the movement of said \circularrack in one direction is trans- V lated into linespace notation of the platen terminlng the given movement of the recip 24. :The mechanism set torthin claim 23, in combination with a -stop-deviceiior prede rocatory line-space lover or operator accord- 1ng to 'd-lflf erentpredetermined multiples of the line-space rotation established by adjust .ment of the .shiftableficonnection.

25, A'universal, Lincrspacin v mechanism 7 for 2a revolnb le typewriter-platen, including,

Z in (combination, a reciprocatory line-space lever or operator, 1a; r-c-lrcutar' rack mounted eoaxially with the platen for independent varying at will the movement of said circular rack derived through said train from a given movement of said operator, and means whereby the movement of the "ircular rack in one direction is translated into line- .space rotation of theplaten.

26. A universal line spacing mechanism for a typewriter-platen, including, in com-' bination, with an axle on which the platen is mounted,'a circular rack mounted for in vary the movement of one member-in respect 7 dependent rotation around said axle, a pivotally mountedrreciprocatory segment meshing with said cireularrack, a reciprecatory driver mounted for movement parallel to said segment, a'pin-a'ncLslot connection oining said driverand segmentfor jointreciprocatory movement, means effective upon said connection for varylng at will the point of applicationof said connection to'said segment, thereby to vary the movement .05

said. segment for any ,givenmov'ement of the-driver, and means whereby the move men-t in one direction of said circular rack about the platen-axle is translated into linespacing rotation of the platen.

27. In a universalline-spacing mechanism for a typewriter-platen, the COHlblIlEL'tlOIl with a casesshitting frame in which a platenaxle is journal-ed, and a letter-feeding -c.ar'-.

'riage carrying said case-shittingtrain-e, of a circular rack mounted for independent rotationaround said axle, a *plvotally mounted reciprocatory segment meshing 'with said circular rack, a reclprocatory driver mountand operatively connected to said driver in r '110 a manner to permit. movement-of said caseshifting frame, said driver being mounted on said ease-shifting frame, means effective upon said pin-and-slot connection for varying at Wlll the point of application of said, connection tosa1d segment, thereby to vary the movement of said segment for any given movement of the driver, andmeans whereby the segment-driven movement, in one direction, of said'circular rack about theplatenaxle is translated into of the "platen. 1

2 8; A universal line-spacing -mechanism for a 'revoluble typewriter-platen, including, in combmatlon, a reclprocatory operating member, a fine-toothed rratehet-wheel-and pawl connection between said operating member-and the platen, an element having lost-motion connection to said operating .member, and means for frictionally con-.

trolling said element so that it moves in line-spacing rotation unison with said operating member throughout most of the stroke of said member in either direction, but lags behind said memher at the initial portion of either stroke until the lost motion is overcome, the pawl and frictionally controlled element head 5; provision whereby the relative movement cffeeted between said frictionally controlled element and the reeiprocatory member by said lost motion causes the pawl and ratchetel to be engaged and disengaged at the beginning of the line-space and reverse strokes respectively of said member, said provision also effective to keep the ratchetwheel and pawl disengaged at the end of said reverse stroke so that the platen may be rotated independently in either direction.

29. A universal line-spacing mechanism for a revoluble typewriter-platen, including, in combination, a reeiproeatory operating member, a one-way clutch-connection between the platen and said operating member so that the latter is effective only in one direction of its movement to rotate said platen, an element of light weighthaving a lost-motion connection to said operating member, and means for frictionally controlling said element so that'it moves in unison with said operating member throughout most of the stroke of said member in either direction, but lags behind said member at the initial portion of either'stroke until the lost motion is overcome, said clutch and frictionally controlled element having provision whereby the relative movement effected between said frictionally controlled element and the operating member by said lost motion causes said clutch to be engaged and disengaged at thebeginning of the line space and reverse strokes respectively of said member, said provision also effective to keep said clutch disengaged at the end of said reverse stroke so that the platen may be 'rotated independently in either direction said frictionally controlled element being or light weight, as, for example, the thin light annular piece 92, so that it has not enough in ertia to take up the lost motion and cause re-engagement of the clutch at the end of the reverse stroke of said member.

30. A universal line-spacing mechanism for a revoluble typewriter-platen, including, in combination, a fine-toothed ratchet-wheel connected to the platen, a reciprocatory operating member, a ratchet-wheel pawl pivotally mounted on said member, an element pawl and frictionally-controlled element said provi having provision whereby they co-operate so that the relative movement effected between said frictionally-controlled element and the operating member by said lost motion causes said pawl to engage and be disengaged from said ratchet-wheel at the beginning oft" line-space reverse strokes respectively of said member, said provision also effective to keep said pawl disengaged at theend of said reverse stroke, so that the platen may be rotated independently in either direction.

31. A universal linespacing mechanism for a revoluble typewriter-platen, including, in combination, a fine-toothedratchet-wheel connected to the platen, a reciprocatory operating member, a ratchet-wheel pawl pivotally mounted on said member, an element having a lost-motion connection to said member, and means for frictionally controlling said element, so that it moves'in unison with said operating member through out most of the stroke of said member in either direction, but lags behind said ber during the initial portion of either stroke until the lost motion is overcome, said trio-1 tionally-controlled element having a cam and said pawl having provision for co-operating with said cam, so that the relative moveme effected between said frictionally-controll' element and the reeiprocatory. member by said lost motion causes said pawl'to engage and be disengaged from said ratchetwheel at the beginning of the line-space and re verse strokes respectively of said 1nember,

said cam also effective to keep said pawl dis engaged at the end of sa1d reverse stroke so that the platen may be rotated independently having a lost-motion connection to said mem-' her, and means for frictionally controlling said element, so that it moves in unison with said operating member throughout most of the stroke of said member in either direction, but lags behind said member during the initial portion of either stroke until the lost motion is overcome, said pawl and frictionally-controlled element being provided with camming devices so that the relative movement effected between said frie'tionallycontrolled element and the operating member by said lost motion causes said pawl to engage and be disen aged from said ratchetwheel at the beginning of the line-space and reverse kes respectively of said member, -on also effective to keep said pawl disengaged at the end of said reverse stroke so that the platen may be rotated independently in either direction.

33. A universal line-spacing mechanism ioo 

